The “knowledge of Knowledge”, or the study and understanding of ways and organization of Knowledge is named Epistemology. Epistemology is near Philosophy and Humanities.
We can also approach mechanisms of Knowledge by studies of Psychology, Neurology and Neurosciences.
So, we can see that it is possible to understand Knowledge by the approach of several disciplines.
A discipline is a specific field of Knowledge or Science that was built around specific methods and language that can be partialy shared with other disciplines.
The concern of the relation among disciplines was more present in the academic environment mainly in the second half of 20th century.
Although someone says that “multidisciplinarity” was created with Aristotle thinking, Aristotle himself did not wrote about “multidisciplinarity”.
After the Second World War, it was a “massification” of Universities to improve the development of nations in conditions according to new technologies. If before the War a nation without education could mean “dependence”, after the War this question was more incisive.
So, in universities and publications it was cited that an “interdisciplinarity”, or a better understanding among disciplines, was necessary.
In a general way we can use the concepts below.
Multidisciplinarity (or pluridisciplinarity): each discipline with its own methods and language. There are few exchanges among different fields.
Interdisciplinarity: there are some common methods and languages among disciplines but they still remain as different fields.
Transdisciplinarity: there are almost no boundaries among disciplines. There are three pillars of transdisciplinarity: different levels of reality; complexity; the third included.
In transdisciplinarity the cultural context is also a variable ever considered.
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